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ProAKAP4 and male reproduction

In mammals, proAKAP4 and AKAP4 are both specifically localized to the fibrous sheath of the principal piece of the flagellum and are largely known to be involved in the flagellum structure and sperm motility (Sergeant et al., 2019)

In mammals, proAKAP4 is synthetized from spermatid stage during spermatogenesis and full stock of proAKAP4 is present in the ejaculated spermatozoa. 

mouse testis

The pro-AKAP4 precursor is processed to a “mature” AKAP4 protein that  is playing a central role in flagellar structure, hypermotility, capacitation and fertility.

The amounts of proAKAP4 positive spermaozoa is then predicting sperm quality and male fertility as  found in humans, large animals and small mammals (Delehedde et al., 2019).

Examples of AKAP4 and proAKAP4 expressions in bull and horse  semen

                Bull semen                                             Horse semen                  

     

The 4MID®  kits are complete ELISA kits with all reagents and buffers to quantify proAKAP4 in semen samples (fresh, chilled or frozen semen) :

Examples of applications of the 4MID Kits

Use for select semen before cryopreservation / predict post-thaw motility

cryopreservation

Use to predict shelf life

Use to select extenders to improve shelf life, etc.

Please visit also our website www.4biodx-breeding.com dedicated to breeding and insemination centers